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SPACE - Library 1 - Volume 1.iso
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hospital
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hospital.txt
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1990-06-02
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HOSPITAL
A suite of virus prevention and detection
programs for the Atari ST
Neil Forsyth
Department of Computer Science
Heriot-Watt University
79 Grassmarket
Edinburgh
neil@uk.ac.hw.cs
Introduction
This suite of programs has been developed to detect and
prevent the spread of viruses on the Atari ST computer. The
programs apply primarily to floppy disk boot sector viruses
but some do have a wider application.
Contents
The complete contents of this package is as follows:-
HOSPITAL.DOC Documentation in 1st Word format
HOSPITAL.TXT Same but in pure ASCII format
STVIRUS.DOC Discussion on viruses in 1st Word format
STVIRUS.TXT Same but in pure ASCII format
BOOTCMP.PRG The programs
DT.TTP
GOODBOOT.TOS
MEDICAL.TOS
RESET2.ACC
SKULL.PRG
VACCINE.PRG
VECHECK.PRG
WATCHER.PRG
Creating a 100% virus free boot disk
Before using these programs you must ensure that you have a
safe disk to boot from in the first place. The following steps
will ensure that you have a known 'clean' disk:
Switch on your computer with no floppy disk in any
disk drive and with your hard drive switched off.
This will take some time to boot up (about a minute )
but it is worth it because we can be sure there is no
virus in the computer.
Next, insert a blank floppy in the floppy disk and
format it using the normal desktop formatter. I know
there are plenty of other formatters available, my
own included, but if someone had modified them we'd
be back to square one.
Recommended Setup
After creating your known clean disk it is recommended that
you place the programs in an AUTO folder on this 'boot disk'
in the following order1:
VECHECK.PRG
SKULL.PRG
(other things like hard disk drivers, GDOS etc)
VACCINE.PRG
WATCHER.PRG
BOOTCMP.PRG
and on the root of the drive the following files will be
created by two of the above programs:
VECHECK.DAT
BOOTCMP.DAT
You need not use all the programs. Some may not suit your
particular setup.
Always boot up your machine with this disk, or one prepared in
a similar way, and always keep it write protected if you
can. This will give you the maximum amount of protection.
BOOTCMP.PRG
This program should be run from bootup.
This program compares the floppy disk boot sector with a file.
(BOOTCMP.DAT)
When first run it will inform you that it could not find the
file for comparison and will ask you if you would like to make
one. Say yes to this and allow it to save to the disk.
If the boot sector is ever changed then the program will stop
and tell you. It will then ask you if you want to update the
comparison file. Be absolutely sure that the disk does not
have a virus before you decide to update the file.
DT.TTP
This is a generally useful disk toolbox.
The full instructions for it can be obtained by double clicking
on it and pressing return.
The two commands relevant to this manual are:-
Reversably change the executability of a boot sector
-esh a:
Change the order of execution of AUTO folder programs
-ash a:
GOODBOOT.TOS
This program allows you to create custom executable boot
sectors. What the boot sector does is up to you.
The following options are available:
° Change to medium resolution on colour displays
° Change the colour palette to white on black until
the desktop appears
° Run a program called COMMAND.PRG instead of the
desktop
° Print up a message on screen
If you enable one or more of these options on your boot sector
then if it ever ceases to behave as it should then you can
suspect foul play and examine it for a virus.
You can also sterilise a boot sector. This cleans out the
areas that can hold viruses but leaves the important parts of
the sector alone. This can be used to kill any viruses you
find or get rid of any custom boot sectors. Be very careful
using this option because the code contents of the boot sector
cannot be retrieved. If you are in any doubt use DT.TTP to
reversably change the boot sectors executability instead.
Note: If your hard drive is auto-booting then the floppy boot
sector will not be executed after a soft reset.
MEDICAL.TOS
This is a program for the bulk checking of your disks for
possible infection. It also checks the machine for possible
infection.
RESET2.ACC
This desk accessory allows you to reset the computer.
A soft reset is equivalent to pressing the reset button at the
back and a hard reset is equivalent to switching the computer
off then on (there is less stress on the hardware). Some
viruses can survive a soft reset so if you think your computer
is infected do a hard reset.
If you have the TOS 1.4 ROM version in your computer then you
can, usually, reset the machine by holding down the following
key combinations:
Soft reset: CONTROL-ALTERNATE-DELETE
Hard reset: CONTROL-ALTERNATE-RIGHT SHIFT-DELETE
SKULL.PRG
This program should be run from bootup.
This is a virus killer. If your machine is infected then a
skull will appear at the left hand edge of the screen and the
machine will hang up. You must then switch the computer off
and boot with an uninfected disk.
VACCINE.PRG
This program should be run from bootup.
When run, this program installs itself in the machine and
attempts to prevent any active virus from infecting a disk. It
also checks for viral code on incoming disks.
Suspicious behaviour and suspect disks will cause the screen
to pulsate for a few seconds.
VECHECK.PRG
This program should be run from bootup2.
This program compares the vulnerable areas of memory that
viruses usually change, with a file (VECHECK.DAT) saved when
the machine was in a known clean state.
When first run it will inform you that it could not find the
comparison file and will ask you if you wish to make one.
Say yes to this but no to the 'Update mask' prompt.
Not all of the memory under scrutiny concerns disk access or
viruses and some locations change constantly. For this reason
the comparison file contains a map of the areas to be checked
as well as what those areas of memory should contain.
If the comparison goes well then an OK message will appear but
if not the addresses of the differences will be printed with
the option to update the file. Be sure the machine is not
infected with a virus before you allow the program to update
the file.
RAM disks and hard disk driver programs use similar techniques
as viruses to install their routines in the machine. If you
have a hard disk drive and it is not auto-booting, then make
sure this program gets run before the driver program is
installed.
Reset survivable RAM disks will probably cause the program to
find differences since they make the system boot up again
once they have installed themselves. Don't update the
comparison file in this case because there are reset
survivable viruses. Just know what to expect from your systems
unique configuration.
To understand what changes would constitute a possible viral
threat I recommend you read a technical book about the ST.
WATCHER.PRG
This program should be run from bootup.
When run, this program installs itself in the machine and
checks that the boot sector has not changed during the
most vulnerable times.
If the boot sector is changed, probably by a virus, then the
screen will pulsate for a few seconds to warn you about it.
Disclaimer
I make no warranty with respect to these programs, and
disclaim any implied/explicit suggestions of usefulness for
any purpose. Use these programs only if you are willing to
assume all risks, and damages, if any, arising as a result,
even if it is caused by negligence or other fault.